2011年5月26日星期四

Apple will include Mac Guard gets around to issuing update

Apple itself acknowledged Mac Defender yesterday in a support document. The company promised to issue a software update that would automatically remove the malware and its variants, but also listed out instructions for how to remove it. We can only assume (or hope, at least) that Apple will include Mac Guard when it gets around to issuing that update, but in the meantime, Intego also offers its own VirusBarrier X6 tool to help remove it.
Intego initially warned users about a fake antivirus program called MAC Defender (it has since gone through several name and capitalization changes) earlier this month. The Mac-like app posed as an antivirus program and asked users for their credit card numbers in order to purge viruses on their machines or protect them from new ones. Although Intego initially gave Mac Defender a low risk rating because of its admin password requirement, it soon became apparent that Mac Defender was indeed beginning to make the rounds among the Mac-using community. We spoke with a number of third-party support reps, as well as several Apple Store Geniuses, who vouched for an apparent increase in Mac Defender malware reports.
When we spoke with Intego spokesperson Peter James last week, he pointed out that he initially saw a new Mac Defender variant every 12 to 24 hours, but eventually stopped seeing new versions. He warned that the creators could be revamping the malware to stay under the radar of legit antivirus software or to find new ways to poison users' machines. Now with the availability of Mac Guard, that indeed seems to be the case.



"Unlike the previous variants of this fake antivirus, no administrator’s password is required to install this program. Since any user can install software in the Applications folder, a password is not needed," Integowrote on its blog. "This package installs an application—the downloader—named avRunner, which then launches automatically. At the same time, the installation package deletes itself from the user’s Mac, so no traces of the original installer are left behind."
Once again, the company advises users to turn off "Open 'safe' files after downloading" in their Safari preferences, since this malware (and others like it) are making their way onto users' computers via maliciously crafted URLs.
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Rustock botnet taken down earlier in a Microsoft-led action

The Rustock botnet, taken down earlier this year in a Microsoft-led action, appears to have been operated by Russians according to evidence collected by the company.
Court action by Microsoft saw the Rustock botnet taken offline in March, causing an almost immediate drop in global spam volumes. The Rustock action was unusual in that Microsoft made claims not only of spamming, but also of trademark infringement. Trademark infringement allows the wronged party to seize the property of the infringer, and it is this seized property—specifically, hard disks used in the botnet's command and control servers—that has enabled the company to determine who was responsible for the network.
In a status report given to the court, Microsoft described the results of its forensic examination of the disks. Templates for Viagra, Vicodin, and Valium spam, spam-generating software, and hundreds of thousands of e-mail addresses were all found. One system showed evidence of the use of a number of Russian Web sites, including Web mail provider mail.ru and free software portal freesoft.ru. Other seized disks showed signs that they had been used as nodes in the TOR anonymous proxying system.
More significantly, Microsoft found e-mail addresses that appear to have been used in the testing and setting up of the botnet—e-mail addresses that the company is now attempting to trace.

The seized disks are not the only thing that Redmond has been analyzing. Subpoenas have been served to the domain registrars used to register the domains used to control the network, and the e-mail providers used by the botnet's owners in correspondance with the registrars. Though most of the payments were found to use stolen credit cards, the company says that further e-mail addresses were identified, and it is following up these leads.
The company is also investigating the hosting arrangements of the command and control servers themselves. The report says that some of the hosting used for the servers was paid for by a specific Webmoney account. Webmoney is an online payment system widely used in Russia. According to Webmoney, the account in question belongs to Vladimir Alexandrovich Shergin, with an address in Khimki, a city near Moscow. The investigators are currently attempting to discover if this person is real, and if so, whether he has had his identity stolen or is genuinely involved in the botnet.
A person with the nickname Cosma2k has also been associated with the command and control servers; Microsoft has associated this nickname to a number of real names, and is following up on this lead too.


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2011年5月25日星期三

AES is proposing the use of a 400-megawatt battery

When the Long Island Power Authority said last summer that it was going to need new power capacity in the next few years, most people assumed that meant new generating stations or new transmission cables. But of the 16 companies that submitted proposals, one, AES Energy Storage, took an entirely different tack: it proposed batteries.
When all is said and done, batteries are not a source of energy; in fact, they consume it. For every 10 kilowatt-hours put into a battery, only about nine come back out. The battery is a little like a savings account at a bank, but with a negative interest rate. Still, withdrawals are possible at times when they are most useful.
Batteries are a temporary source of energy and power, with the instantaneous ability to meet load and do work. AES is proposing the use of a 400-megawatt battery, with the same output as a medium-size natural gas plant, that can operate for four hours. It would be about 10 times larger than the biggest grid-connected battery system now in service.
AES said the battery would also be a cleaner energy choice. That’s because the alternative would probably be new simple-cycle natural gas plants, which are relatively low in efficiency and have a high output of carbon dioxide and conventional pollutants per kilowatt-hour.
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  • Batteries, on the other hand, could be charged at night using relatively cheap capacity from Long Island’s most efficient generators, combined cycle gas plants. Those use about 7,000 B.T.U.’s of energy per kilowatt-hour, compared with 10,000 or 11,000 for the simple-cycle plants.
    Can a battery qualify if the utility wants power?
    In fact, in the complicated world of the electric grid, batteries can do some jobs better than generation stations. One is providing a service called spinning reserve. At a power plant, that means spinning a turbine and burning fuel, but not actually making any energy, sitting in standby in case more power is suddenly needed. A battery can sit at the ready without actually spinning or using fuel.
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    Another is frequency regulation. Alternating current is supposed to change directions 60 times per second, but in reality is always just a little faster or a little slower than that. Plants that provide frequency regulation will add or subtract energy at precise intervals to keep the number of alternations near 60.
    Power plants that do this work get extra wear and tear, and modern gas-fired turbines are not as good for that job as old-fashioned steam plants were. Batteries, though, can take up the slack.

    John Zahurancik, vice president of operations and deployment at AES, pointed out that getting permission to build batteries is easier than getting the go-ahead to build more power plants. No new permits for air emissions or water consumption would be needed, for example, he said.
    The Long Island Power Authority said it was just beginning to evaluate the responses to its request for proposals, which was issued last August. It has not said which submissions met its terms and will be evaluated, and whether proposals for energy storage can compete. Officials there also declined to say whether any of the other bids were submitted by storage companies.

    The iPads are inside a plastic case attached to the table

    The iPad 2 may be on backorder for consumers, but Apple doesn't seem to have any shortage of them when it comes to its own uses. On Sunday, the company started using the popular tablet to replace paper signs at its retail stores.

    Visitors to Apple's Palo Alto store on University Avenue can interact with nearly 60 iPads placed next to many products on display. The iPads are inside a plastic case attached to the table, making it impossible to pick up or walk away with. The devices' home buttons are disabled, so visitors can only browse the information dedicated to the product. The iPads do allow you to page a sales associate.
    It's easy to imagine how other retailers could use tablets to promote products -- tennis shoes to turnips. A clothing retailer could use it to help customers see if their size or favorite color is in stock or if its available or elsewhere. I could easily imagine a waiter handing you an iPad 2 instead of a menu which would not only display your options, but send the order directly to the kitchen and tally up your bill.
    Tablets versus book readers
    As tablets grow in popularity though, we're also seeing increased demand for e-readers, which tend to be less expensive, have longer battery life and can be used in bright sunlight.
    The new Nook downloads books from the Internet but connects only via Wi-Fi; there's no 3G option. Barnes and Noble said that it's phasing out its earlier black-and-white e-reader, selling for $119 for the Wi-Fi model and $169 for the Wi-Fi and 3G version.
    However, the e-ink displays -- which look like black ink on paper -- aren't great in dark room. Personally, I'm more likely to read in bed than at the beach, so I'm happy reading books on my iPad or my new Samsung 10.1 Android tablet. Both work with Amazon software, which allows me to read the same books as I can on a Kindle e-reader.
    However, dedicated book readers will likely favor Kindle's low start cost of $114 and its light weight.

    Barnes and Noble annnouced Tuesday the release of its $139 Simple Touch Reader, which is a touch-screen version of its Nook book reader. The new Nook, which will go on sale in June, features a six-inch touch screen, weighs under eight ounces and measures 6.5 inches tall and 5 inches wide. It comes with 2 gigabytes of memory, enough to store about a 1,000 books. If that's not enough, you can plug in a microSD card for an additional 32 gigabytes of storage. Barnes and Noble said the Simple Touch Reader has the longest battery life of any e-reader, claiming "you can read for up to two months on just one charge" assuming you have Wi-Fi turned off.
    One problem with the e-reader market is that if you purchased books from Amazon's Kindle bookstore, you won't be able to read them on a Nook and vice versa. This is an enormous disincentive for people who purchased books from one company to switch to another company's products, regardless of price and features.
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  • 2011年5月24日星期二

    Lithium-ion batteries are widely used in consumer electronics

    A new kind of lithium-ion battery holds much more energy than previous versions, while still working well at high temperatures. It could prove useful for hybrid and electric cars, where high-density batteries usually come with safety risks.Hp 182281-001 battery
    Useing a graphite current collector and sodium imide in the battery's electrolyte. These materials enable the battery to last longer and withstand higher temperatures; Leyden has declined to discuss how it achieved higher energy densities.
    The company says the battery has an energy density of 225 watt-hours per kilogram. This falls at the high-end range of laptop batteries, and roughly 50 percent higher than lithium-ion batteries used in electric vehicles. The four-year-old startup expects to see its cells used by a tablet PC maker later this year, says Leyden CEO Aakar Patel.
    Lithium-ion batteries are widely used in consumer electronics, but design changes are needed to make sure they work safely in electric or hybrid cars. Carmakers are typically forced to use lower-density batteries, and to use electronics and cooling systems to ensure the battery cells don't run too hot. Tesla Motors, for example, uses batteries that are similar to those found in laptops to power its Roadster sports car. The company uses liquid cooling and thermal management electronics and software to prevent overheating and other problems.
    A cathode material such as lithium-iron phosphate is sometimes used for electric vehicle batteries because it can withstand high temperatures. The trade-off is that it has a relatively low energy density—around 140 watt-hours per kilogram.
    Leyden focuses on the electrolyte and current collector, because the two affect the performance of the cathode and anode and help to determine the longevity and stability of a battery, says Patel. The results are batteries that work just as well in temperatures up to 60 °C, he adds.

    Leyden's battery replaces lithium hexafluorophosphate, one of the components of a lithium-ion battery, with sodium imide. Unlike lithium hexafluorophosphate, it does not react with water inside the battery cell, a reaction that significantly degrades the cycle life of a battery. Lithium hexafluorophosphate also starts to decompose at room temperature and loses its effectiveness more significantly when the temperature hits 55 °C. Sodium imide doesn't start to decompose at higher temperatures.
    But sodium imide can cause trouble by corroding the aluminum current collector that is typically found in a battery cell. Graphite makes a good substitute because it is immune to this assault. "The key advance for Leyden is not the electrolyte. Their magic is, they are not using aluminum as the current collector," says Venkat Srinivasan, a scientist at the Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory who has seen the company's technology. "This change allowed them to change the electrolyte."


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    Dell laptop battery barely holds a charge by www.bestlaptopbattery.co.uk


    It’s a common problem – your shiny new laptop isn’t looking so shiny or new anymore, and what’s that? The battery barely holds a charge now? Ugh. I’m sceptical of Leyden Energy’s claims, but would give their batteries a shot.

    They claim their lithium-ion, 440watt hours per liter Dell inspiron 1300 battery don’t depreciate for at least three years (supposedly normal ones start losing their charge around the 18-month-mark), and as they come with a three-year warranty, that’s something you can obviously take them to fault with if you discover it’s all bullshit.
    Able to operate in higher temperatures than normal batteries, they can also be charged over 1000 times. While they’ll cost a lot more than the usual Dell gw240 Battery (supposedly less than double the average cost), it might be a cost worth paying. They’ll be available online in the coming weeks in Canada at Dr Battery, and hopefully in other countries after that
    Usually a new Laptop battery comes in a discharged condition and it must be charged before use (refer to your computer manual for charging instructions). Upon initial use (or after a prolonged storage period) the laptop battery may require two to three charge/discharge cycles before achieving maximum capacity.
    Use a full charge cycle before recharging. All laptop batteries in our site are Li-Ion batteries, so, they do not have memory which you might find in NiCad batteries. However, each chemistry has a limited number of charge cycles, so use a full charge cycle before re-charging to maximize your battery's usage. When charging your battery for the first time, your computer may indicate that charging is complete just after 10 or 15 minutes. Don't worry, this is normal with rechargeable Acer aspire 5920 Batteries,. Just simply remove the laptop battery from the laptop and repeat the charging procedure.
    Try To avoid over-charging, especially, do not let your laptop battery over discharged. It is normal for laptop battery to become warm when it's charged and used. The battery exhaust much faster under the high temperature, you should avoid using your laptop battery in shady and cool place. Hit the battery, and other acts will also accelerate depletion of battery. So, pay attention to your battery as much as possible.

    If you don't use your Laptop batteries for 1 month or longer, you should remove the battery from your notebook, make sure leave your battery power about 40%, stored it in a shade, cool, and dry place away from heat, metal objects and direct sunlight, but not in the refrigerator. It's objected strongly store your laptop battery for over three months without any using. A charged laptop battery will eventually lose its charge if unused. It may therefore be necessary to recharge the battery after a storage period.
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    What Everybopdy Ought to Know About The Battery Law

    In December of last year, New York Governor George Paterson signed into law the “New York State Rechargeable Battery Law,” which makes it illegal for residents to knowingly throw rechargeable batteries in the trash as well as holds retailers responsible for battery collection and recycling.

    Beginning June 8, 2011 any retail locations in New York State that sell rechargeable batteries must accept used batteries of the same type for recycling. By Dec. 5, 2011, it will be against the law for New Yorkers to put rechargeable batteries in the trash.
    Even though national programs like Call2Recycle (C2R) make battery recycling as easy as printing out a label, certain states and municipalities are still passing laws, stepping up the effort and demanding recycling.
    Currently, 33 states have some type of rechargeable sony vgp-bps8 BatteriesToshiba pa3399u-2brs Batterylaw on the books, but only two states – California and now New York – ban all rechargeable batteries from landfills and require retailers to collect and properly dispose them.
    Last year C2R, which runs the only free rechargeable battery and cell phone recycling program in North America and partners with many states, diverted 6.7 million pounds of rechargeable batteries.
    “Of the top 10 most populous states, three are bringing in more than a fair share of rechargeable batteries when indexed to population,” says Linda Gabor, VP of Marketing and Account Management for C2R. “These include California, Illinois, and Georgia which bring in 23 percent to 35 percent more weight than would be expected. The strength of collections in these three states is driven by the business sector.”
    Gabor said that retail collection sites are strongest in Florida, Pennsylvania and North Carolina. “Florida is bringing in over 50 percent more batteries than would be expected across the retail channel. Pennsylvania and North Carolina outperform in the range of 30 percent and 10 percent respectively,” she says.
    While New York is actually bringing in less weight than expected, it still accounts for 61 percent on the C2R collection index.
    But what’s all the fuss about recycling rechargeable batteries?
    “Rechargeable batteries can contain metals that could potentially harm the environment if not disposed of properly, so it’s important to keep them out of landfills and properly manage their end of life through recycling,” says Gabor. “Additionally, rechargeable Hp hstnn-db42 Battery contain metals of value that can be reclaimed for secondary use. Capturing the value of the underlying metals supports a ‘zero waste’ mentality.”
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    “[Battery recycling] is one of the things each of us can do every day for the environment that added together makes a big difference,” Radin says. “By everyone recycling a relatively small amount, added together, it results in a large amount of waste, including heavy metals, being diverted from landfills. The littlest thing becomes the biggest thing when we all work together.”
    Collaboration is the final piece of advice. “Our partnership with C2R is just so easy,” he says. “We really applaud their efforts to this product stewardship service, which we believe can be a model for other materials, too.”
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    2011年5月23日星期一

    Livescribe created using Adobe Flash technology

    Livescribe makes digital pens–the Echo and Pulse–that write with regular ink on paper,  though the paper needs to have the tiny dots on it that make it readable by the digital pen.
    The pen records the writing digitally as well as the audio simultaneously. So if you take notes on a speech, the audio and writing are synced. When you upload the file to the LiveScribe Desktop software, you can see your own writing being “written” in sync with the audio. You can also tap anywhere on notes to bring up the synced audio. It can also sync without uploading to a PC, so if you can just tap on that part of your paper or notebook and the audio will come up.
    LiveScribe aims to end the need to type up notes on meetings. For people who are constantly taking notes, the digital pen could be quite useful. It’s interesting technology that is somewhat hard to understand at first glance but seems like it could grow on you. Finding mainstream adoption of it – or maybe just getting people to understand it — seems to be the challenge for Livescribe. The company says it will sell its one millionth digital pen this year.
    With the new announcement, Livescribe is adding a social layer so people can quickly share these “Pencasts” with co-workers or friends.
    Another interesting feature is the Pencast PDF, which Livescribe created using Adobe Flash technology. After writing notes for, say meeting minutes, while recording the simultaneous audio, people can create a PDF with the audio embedded in it. It will again play the audio in sync with the writing. This embed feature is pretty slick, because someone can send the entire Pencast in one file that can be read by anyone who has Adobe Reader version 10 or higher.
    For example, after taking notes or drawing something, you can write someone’s name, underline the person’s name twice and Livescribe will know to email that Pencast to that person the next time the pen is connected to a computer. (Livescribe currently doesn’t have wireless capability—which would be a major plus.) You have to set it up first so LiveScribe knows which names you want to send emails to.
    It also works for quickly sharing a document or drawing on Facebook by writing “face” with an underline, and Evernote with “ever.” People can also share to Google Docs or iPhone/iPad. LiveScribe has also added a cloud service with 500 megabytes of storage so that people can upload Pencasts for people to access from mobile devices.
    Livescribe has also dropped the price on its lowest priced pen, with a new 2GB Echo Smartpen Starter Pack at $99, down from its cheapest previous pen at $149. It’ll be interesting to see if the lower price increases adoption of the pen.
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